Bushwalking During Snake Season: How to Reduce the Risk

Australia’s diverse landscapes are home to some of the world’s most venomous snakes. From spring through to early autumn, and often well beyond in warmer regions, snakes are active across much of the country. While the risk of being bitten is low for prepared hikers, understanding snake behaviour, reducing the chance of encounters, and knowing how to respond is an essential part of bushwalking in Australia.

Whether you are new to hiking or experienced on the trail, snake awareness is about calm observation, sensible precautions, and good decision-making. This guide outlines practical ways to reduce risk and explains the correct first aid response if a bite does occur.

How to reduce the risk of snake encounters

• Stay on formed tracks: Walk on established trails and avoid tall grass, dense scrub, or leaf litter where snakes may be concealed.
• Watch where you step and place your hands: Avoid reaching into rock crevices, logs, or thick vegetation where visibility is limited.
• Wear suitable footwear: Sturdy boots and long pants provide basic protection. In high-risk areas, consider snake gaiters.
• Move with awareness: Snakes are sensitive to vibration. Walking deliberately and making light noise gives them time to move away.
• Be cautious in warm conditions: Snakes are more active on warm days and may bask on tracks, rocks, or trail edges.
• Use a torch at night: Always illuminate the ground when walking after dark, particularly around campsites and tracks.
• Keep campsites clear: Avoid long grass, clear away debris, and do not leave food scraps that may attract rodents.
• Give snakes space: If you encounter a snake, stop, remain calm, and allow it to move away. Never attempt to touch or move it.
• Follow local advice: Observe signage and heed any warnings issued by park authorities.
• Control pets: Keep dogs leashed and close, as they are more likely to provoke snakes.
• Carry a snake bite bandage: In remote areas, always carry compression bandages and know how to use them.
• Be emergency-ready: Carry a PLB or satellite communicator where mobile coverage is unreliable.

First aid for snake bites

Pressure Immobilisation Technique (PIT)

The Pressure Immobilisation Technique is the recommended first aid treatment for suspected snake bites in Australia. Its purpose is to slow the spread of venom through the lymphatic system and buy time for medical treatment. Do not wash the bite site, as venom residue may assist identification.

Step 1A: Two-bandage method (preferred)

• Use two elastic or compression bandages, ideally 10–15 cm wide.
• Apply the first bandage firmly over the bite site, then extend above and below it.
• Apply the second bandage starting at the fingers or toes, wrapping upward to cover as much of the limb as possible.

Step 1B: Single-bandage method (if only one is available)

• Begin wrapping at the fingers or toes and work upward past the bite site.
• The bandage should be firm but not tight enough to restrict circulation.

Step 2: Immobilise the limb

• Use a splint, stick, or trekking pole to keep the limb still.
• Secure it with bandages, clothing, or tape.
• For arm bites, use a sling.

Step 3: Seek urgent medical help

• Keep the person completely still.
• Call 000 immediately or activate a PLB if out of reception.
• Do not use tourniquets, cut the wound, apply ice, or attempt to suck out venom.

Be informed before you go

Understanding local snake species, seasonal activity, and emergency procedures is part of responsible bushwalking. Most snake encounters end without incident when hikers stay alert, calm, and prepared.

📱 Download the Australian Bites and Stings App for offline identification and first aid guidance.

Tip: Snakes can strike up to half their body length. When scrambling on rocky terrain, pause before placing your hands and scan ledges where snakes may be sunning themselves.

Australia’s wild places are rich, diverse, and best enjoyed with respect and preparation. With good trail habits, knowledge, and the right first aid skills, bushwalking during snake season can be both safe and rewarding.